Air pollution may be major environmental risk factor for autism

Recent studies show that air pollution plays an environmental role in the risk of developing autism spectrum disorders (ASD), Azernews reports.

Scientists have noted that air pollution can have a detrimental effect on the development of the nervous system, enhancing the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Among air pollutants, especially fine particles (PM2.5 and PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO?), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO?), and ozone (O?) play a significant role in the risk of autism. These pollutants cause oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and disruption of the neurotransmitter system in the body. Pregnant women and young children are at higher risk due to the sensitive stages of brain development.

Studies show that fine particles such as PM2.5 and PM10 enter the body through respiration, into the bloodstream, and can even cross the placental barrier. Prenatal exposure to these particles may increase the risk of developing ASD, especially during early pregnancy.

NO and NO? from vehicle and industrial fuel emissions are also associated with an increased risk of autism. Additionally, O? (ozone), especially in combination with PM2.5, can have an oxidative effect on the developing brain, causing disorders in neurological development.

SO? and some volatile organic compounds may also increase the risk of ASD in pregnant women and young children. The effects of pollutants on the brain occur through several mechanisms: neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, epigenetic changes, and endocrine disorders. Chronic inflammation and an imbalance of neurotransmitters are among the main factors that increase the risk of ASD.

In conclusion, air pollution increases the risk of ASD, which is once again emphasized in this study. Scientists stress the importance of further research to better understand this relationship and develop preventive measures. Improving air quality during sensitive periods, such as pregnancy and early childhood, can help reduce the risk of ASD.